prezlists

Presidents and Presidential Elections in the Past Century
Presidents of the Past Century (Republicans in Red, Democrats in Blue)
George W. Bush       2001-
Bill Clinton         1993-2000
George Bush          1989-1992
Ronald Reagan        1981-1988
Jimmy Carter         1977-1980
Gerald Ford          1974-1976
Richard Nixon        1968-1974
Lyndon Johnson       1963-1968
John Kennedy         1961-1963
Dwight Eisenhower    1953-1960
Harry Truman         1945-1952
Franklin Roosevelt   1933-1945
Herbert Hoover       1929-1933
Calvin Coolidge      1922-1928
Warren Harding       1921-1922
Woodrow Wilson       1913-1920
Howard Taft          1909-1912
Theordore Roosevelt 1901-1908
William McKinley     1897-1901

Presidential Elections of the Past Century

          WINNER (%)               LOSER (%)
2000    *George W. Bush    (47.98)    Al Gore             (48.50)
1996    Bill Clinton       (49.2)    Robert Dole         (40.7)
                                     Ross Perot           (8.4)
1992    Bill Clinton       (43.0)    George Bush         (37.4)
                                     Ross Perot          (18.9)
1988    George Bush        (53.4)    Michael Dukakis     (45.6)
1984    Ronald Reagan      (58.8)     Walter Mondale      (40.6)
1980    Ronald Reagan      (50.7)     Jimmy Carter        (41.0)
                                     John Anderson        (6.6)
1976    Jimmy Carter       (50.1)    Gerald Ford         (48.0)
1972    Richard Nixon      (60.7)     George McGovern     (37.5)
1968    Richard Nixon      (43.4)     Hubert Humphrey     (42.7)
                                     George Wallace      (13.5)
1964    Lyndon Johnson     (61.1)     Barry Goldwater     (38.5)
1960    John Kennedy       (49.7)    Richard Nixon       (49.5)
1956    Dwight Eisenhower (57.4)     Adlai Stevenson     (42.0)
1952    Dwight Eisenhower (55.1)     Adlai Stevenson     (44.4)
1948    Harry Truman       (49.6)    Thomas Dewey        (45.1)
1944    Franklin Roosevelt (53.4)     Thomas Dewey        (45.9)
1940    Franklin Roosevelt (54.7)     Wendell Wilkie      (44.8)
1936    Franklin Roosevelt (60.8)     Alf Landon          (36.5)
1932    Franklin Roosevelt (57.4)     Herbert Hoover      (39.6)
1928    Herbert Hoover     (58.2)     Al Smith            (40.2)
1924    Calvin Coolidge    (54.0)     John Davis          (28.8)
                                     Robert LaFollette   (16.6)
1920    Warren Harding     (60.3)     JamesCox            (34.1)
1916    Woodrow Wilson     (49.2)     Charles Hughes      (46.1)
1912    Woodrow Wilson     (41.8)     Theordore Roosevelt (27.4)
                                      Howard Taft         (23.2)
                                     Eugene Debs          (6.0)
1908    Howard Taft        (51.6)    William J. Bryan    (43.1)
1904    Theordore Roosevelt(56.4)     Alton Parker        (37.6)
1900    William McKinley   (51.7)     William J. Bryan    (45.5)
*won the popular vote, but lost the election in the Electoral College
to view the Electoral College Results by totals and by state visit these pages:
U.S. Presidential Election Maps
President Elect

Key Dimensions of Presidencies since FDR

Foreign Policy Development Foreign Policy Doctrine Domestic Policy Political Development Perceived Greatest Achievement Perceived Greatest Failure

Franklin Roosevelt (1933-1945) World War II Collective Defense of Democracies New Deal Construction of Welfare State + Construction of Warfare State Dominance of New Deal Coalition Winning World War II Inability to overcome Great Depression

Harry Truman (1945-1952) Origin of the Cold War + Korean War Truman Doctrine of Containment of Communism Fair Deal
Permanent Warfare + Welfare States Decline of New Deal Coalition Containing Communism China going communist + failure to win Korean War

Dwight Eisenhower (1953-1960) End of
Korean War Massive Retaliation Republican acceptance of Welfare State Beginning of Republican Presidential Majority Containing Communism Cuban Revolution

John Kennedy (1961-1963) Cuban Missile Crisis Flexible Response Revival of Activist Spirit Rise of the Civil Rights Movement "Winning" the Cuban Missile Crisis Failure of Bay of Pigs Invasion

Lyndon Johnson (1963-1968) Vietnam War Escalation of Vietnam War Passage of Civil Rights + Expansion of Welfare State Shattering of New Deal Coalition Passing Civil Rights laws Inability to win Vietnam War

Richard Nixon (1969-1974) Trips to Beijing and Moscow Nixon Doctrine + Detente Environmental Protection Act Solidification of Republican Presidential Majority Arms control w/ Soviet Union + opening to China Resignation due to "Watergate" crimes

Gerald Ford (1974-1976) American defeat in Vietnam none none Temporary revival of New Deal Coalition Restoring some legitimacy to government Pardon of President Nixon

Jimmy Carter (1977-1980) Iranian Islamic Revolution + Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan No Inordinate Fear of Communism Energy plan Final Failure of New Deal Coalition Success of his "Ex-presidency" Iranian Hostage Crisis

Ronald Reagan (1981-1988) Gorbachev regime in Soviet Union New Cold War + Strategic Defense Tax cut + Changing budget priorities Conservative Ideological Majority (1981-82) Restoration of American power Quadrupling of U.S. debt

George Bush (1989-1992) Collapse of Soviet Union New World Order Budget compromises with Congress Permanence of divided government Victory in Persian Gulf War Chronic debt crisis

Bill Clinton (1993-2000) Renewed American Hegemony Engagement of formerly communist states From budget deficits to surpluses Republican Congressional Majority Economic prosperity impeachment + sex scandals

BACK TO THE POWER OF PRESIDENTIAL IDEOLOGIES FRONT PAGE >

	Foreign Policy Development	Foreign Policy Doctrine	Domestic Policy	Political Development	Perceived Greatest Achievement	Perceived Greatest Failure
Franklin Roosevelt (1933-1945)	World War II	Collective Defense of Democracies	New Deal Construction of Welfare State + Construction of Warfare State	Dominance of New Deal Coalition	Winning World War II	Inability to overcome Great Depression
Harry Truman (1945-1952)	Origin of the Cold War + Korean War	Truman Doctrine of Containment of Communism	Fair Deal Permanent Warfare + Welfare States	Decline of New Deal Coalition	Containing Communism	China going communist + failure to win Korean War
Dwight Eisenhower (1953-1960)	End of Korean War	Massive Retaliation	Republican acceptance of Welfare State	Beginning of Republican Presidential Majority	Containing Communism	Cuban Revolution
John Kennedy (1961-1963)	Cuban Missile Crisis	Flexible Response	Revival of Activist Spirit	Rise of the Civil Rights Movement	"Winning" the Cuban Missile Crisis	Failure of Bay of Pigs Invasion
Lyndon Johnson (1963-1968)	Vietnam War	Escalation of Vietnam War	Passage of Civil Rights + Expansion of Welfare State	Shattering of New Deal Coalition	Passing Civil Rights laws	Inability to win Vietnam War
Richard Nixon (1969-1974)	Trips to Beijing and Moscow	Nixon Doctrine + Detente	Environmental Protection Act	Solidification of Republican Presidential Majority	Arms control w/ Soviet Union + opening to China	Resignation due to "Watergate" crimes
Gerald Ford (1974-1976)	American defeat in Vietnam	none	none	Temporary revival of New Deal Coalition	Restoring some legitimacy to government	Pardon of President Nixon
Jimmy Carter (1977-1980)	Iranian Islamic Revolution + Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan	No Inordinate Fear of Communism	Energy plan	Final Failure of New Deal Coalition	Success of his "Ex-presidency"	Iranian Hostage Crisis
Ronald Reagan (1981-1988)	Gorbachev regime in Soviet Union	New Cold War + Strategic Defense	Tax cut + Changing budget priorities	Conservative Ideological Majority (1981-82)	Restoration of American power	Quadrupling of U.S. debt
George Bush (1989-1992)	Collapse of Soviet Union	New World Order	Budget compromises with Congress	Permanence of divided government	Victory in Persian Gulf War	Chronic debt crisis
Bill Clinton (1993-2000)	Renewed American Hegemony	Engagement of formerly communist states	From budget deficits to surpluses	Republican Congressional Majority	Economic prosperity	impeachment + sex scandals